There are many approaches which consultants follow. HR Mark follows the Six Sigma method for most of the consolation project I undertake no matter what they are, the method stays the same.
1- Define
The starting point to define the problem faced by the organization, its impact on the stakeholders, and assess the organizational capabilities to tackle it.
2- Measure
In this stage, a measurement of the current data and information has to be done and benchmarked with the similar organizations
3- Analyze
This is the stage which requires you to analyze the cause and effects of the problem. Break it down. Use a fishbone diagram or any causality framework.
4- Improve
Start with a change management program and introduce quick wins
5- Control
This when a change is anchored and institutionalized within the organization